Step One
The first and fore most requirement is the installation of the required(or most current j2sdk) from java.sun.com.
if you have done that then you will have a new folder created in the C:\ drive.
Typically it will be something along the following format
C:\j2sdkxxxxx
where xxxxx will be the version number for the current j2sdk you installed. At this point on my machine it looks like this
C:\j2sdk1.4.1_05
Step Two
Next step is setting up the path and class paths for your system so that windows knows what to do with commands like
javac or java.
Lets see what happens if we want to test our setup as it is right now.
on your windows machine go to
bottom left corner and click on
Start>Run
in the text field type in
cmd
if you are one of those who are still on win98/95 or win me then you will need to type in
command
This will bring up a dos window. in the dos window at the prompt type in the following
javac
At this point we are expecting the following or a message like this
'javac' is not recognized as an internal or external command
operable program or batch file.
This is due to the reason that windows machine does not know as yet that what to do with "javac" command which essentially
is required to compile java src code.Close the does window,because windows will not apply new variable changes in this session,
you will have to open up a new window once you are all set with variable settings.
Step Three
Lets go and set the environment variable.On machines with win2k or alter systems go to
Start>Settings>Control Panel>
Locate and click on the "System" icon.
This will bring up "System Properties" window.
by default "General" is selected, locate and click on "Advanced" tab.
Locate and click on the button that has the following caption on it.
Environment Variables
This will bring up the a window with 2 sections in it, top one is for the user as whom you have logged in,and the lower
section is for system.
We will work in the user variables section.
You will see 3 buttons right below the display window in the "user variables" section,
New, Edit and Delete.
we want to create home variable for java.Click on New button.
It will bring up a small window with 2 text fields
Variable name: _______________________
in variable name text field type the following
JAVA_HOME
Variable value:______________________
in the variable value field type the folder name + path where on C drive you have j2sdk installed.
in my machine this value looks like this
C:\j2sdk1.4.1_05
If you look in the window you will see the following record added which you have just added
Variable Value
JAVA_HOME C:\j2sdk1.4.1_05
of course there may be others too.We are half way thru..:-)
Step Four
Now lets set the path to required java bin files to run several java commands.
Look in the window for the user variables and try to locate a Variable name Path
if you see one then we need to edit and add new values,if you don't see one then we need to create one.
And then add values.
First lets create one.
You will see 3 buttons right below the display window in the "user variables" section,
New, Edit and Delete.
we want to create home variable for java.Click on New button.
It will bring up a small window with 2 text fields
Variable name: _______________________
in variable name text field type the following
PATH
Variable value:______________________
in the variable value field type the folder name + path where on C drive you have j2sdk installed.
in my machine this value looks like this
%PATH%;%JAVA_HOME%\bin;%JAVA_HOME%\lib;
If you look in the window you will see the following record added which you have just added.You will see that JAVA_HOME is
resolved to its actual path on the disk, again on my machine it looks like below.
Variable Value
PATH C:\j2sdk1.4.1_05\bin;C:\j2sdk1.4.1_05\lib;
Click "Ok" at the bottom of window, and then click on again.
Now lets repeat Step Two here again.
This time around(provided everything was done exactly as I mentioned above) when you type in javac at the command
prompt you should get the following message
C:\Documents and Settings\Khalid.Ali>javac
Usage: javac <options> <source files>
where possible options include:
-g Generate all debugging info
-g:none Generate no debugging info
-g:{lines,vars,source} Generate only some debugging info
-nowarn Generate no warnings
-verbose Output messages about what the compiler is doing
-deprecation Output source locations where deprecated APIs are used
-classpath <path> Specify where to find user class files
-sourcepath <path> Specify where to find input source files
-bootclasspath <path> Override location of bootstrap class files
-extdirs <dirs> Override location of installed extensions
-d <directory> Specify where to place generated class files
-encoding <encoding> Specify character encoding used by source files
-source <release> Provide source compatibility with specified release
-target <release> Generate class files for specific VM version
-help Print a synopsis of standard options
if we see the above message,we are all set for some serious java coding..:-).
Compilation and Running of Java Code
Open note pad, and copy and paste the following code in it
code:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
public class HelloWorld{
public static void main(String[] args){
//declare and define a variable of type String
String helloWorld = "Hello Java World! Here I come.";
//Now print it out on screen
System.out.println(helloWorld);
}
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
There are couple of little precautions you will need to take.Make sure that file name is HelloWorld.java, calls name must always
match the file name.If everything is fine and dandy, nothing will happen and you will be brought back to the dos prompt.
C:\development\java>javac HelloWorld.java
C:\development\java>
In this case now is the time to run the newly written java application.if you want to make sure,just look in the directory where you have
this file,now there is another file with the same name but different extension.
HelloWorld.class
java src files always have *.java extension and compiled classes have *.class extension.
Anyways, let run this app, type in the following at the dos prompt.
C:\development\java>java HelloWorld
Hello Java World! Here I come.
C:\development\java>
The java runtime engine will print the value of the variable then come to dos prompt for a new command.
At this point typically a beginner may see the following error.
C:\development\java>java HellowWorld
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: HellowWorld
as you can see it makes total sense that its not finding the class name, because HelloWorld has a "w" in it,once the class name is
corrected it will run.
If you have class name that's different then the file name then you will get the following message.
C:\development\java>javac HelloWorld.java
HelloWorld.java:1: class HellowWorld is public, should be declared in a file named HellowWorld.java
public class HellowWorld{
^
1 error
C:\development\java>
Obvious enough...I'll just go take a look at my class name and remove the w from so that its the same as the file name
HelloWorld.java....
I hope this helps, I'd probably add more stuff as it comes to mind...
